La métaphore de la maison bâtie sur le roc vient conclure l’ensemble du discours de Jésus à ses disciples les invitant à mettre en pratique ses paroles.
Dans cette dernière partie (6,39-45) Jésus prend le langage imagé de la parabole. À partir de plusieurs "allégories", le discours pointera sur la nécessité de vivre en frères miséricordieux. Après les richesses et les représailles, c'est la suffisance et la prétention à "dominer" son frère que le disciple doit abandonner.
Le récit de l’appel de douze apôtres ouvre un nouveau volet de l’évangile de Luc et introduit le discours des béatitudes (6,17-26). Il vient également éclairer la figure messianique de Jésus.
Ce récit pourrait se rapprocher d’un récit de guérison. Il en sera, effectivement, question. Cependant, le rapport de Jésus au respect du sabbat en est l’enjeu principal durant cette controverse.
L’épisode vient à la suite des deux controverses avec les pharisiens lors du repas de Lévi (5,27-28 et 5,33-39). Il constitue un autre moment opposant Jésus et ses disciples aux pharisiens et introduit la question du sabbat qui se poursuivra également avec la guérison suivante (6,6-11).
Les objections des pharisiens, à l’encontre de Jésus et ses disciples, se poursuivent. Le premier reproche concernait leur fréquentation des pécheurs. Cette fois, c’est leur piété qui est mise en cause.
L’appel de Lévi n’est pas sans rappeler ceux de Simon, l’homme pécheur et ses compagnons (5,1-11). Cet épisode ouvre, également, une série de controverses où les disciples sont pris à partie.
Une ville sans nom, un homme anonyme : le récit contraste avec le précédent récit de guérison, ayant lieu à Capharnaüm auprès d’une femme : la belle-mère de Simon.
L’appel des premiers disciples dans l’évangile selon saint Luc a une couleur bien particulière. L'évangéliste insère cet appel au sein d'un enseignement de Jésus et d'une pêche miraculeuse.
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